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[Objective] To investigate the genetic diversity, molecular phylogeny and origination in Wanbei cattle. [Method] Blood samples were collected from 50 Wanbei cattle and 14 local cattle breeds. According to the bovine MHC gene sequence, one pair of primers was designed and used for PCR amplification. The sequences of amplified MHC genes were aligned to detect MHC haplotypes and nucleotide polymorphisms. A phylogenetic tree based on the MHC gene was also constructed. [Result] A total of 24 polymorphic loci covering 7.86% of the entire length of the sequences and seven MHC haplotypes were detected. Among these polymorphic loci, there were 18 transitions, 1 tranversions and 5 transition / tranversion. The difference in nucleotide sequence was 0.26%-4.53% between the haplotypes. The nucleotide diversity (π value) and haplotype diversity (H) were 0.012-0.019 and 0.602-0.617, respectively. [Conclusion] Wanbei cattle do not have rich MHC genetic diversity. They have closer genetic relationship with Luxi cattle, and both are within the same sister group.
2011年02期 v.3 1-2+17页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 208K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：33 ] [Objective] To find an efficient and low-consumption estrus synchronization method and thus to provide the basis for embryo transfer. [Method] A total of 120 healthy multiparous yellow cattle were selected as receptor cows for embryo transfer and assigned into three groups randomly (n = 40). To induce estrous synchronization, the cattle in the group I were injected 4 mg prostaglandin (PG); those in the group II were first transplanted with vaginal embolism and then injected with 4 mg PG; and those in the group III were first transplanted with vaginal embolism and then injected with 0.4 mg PG and 2.0 ml follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The rate of estrous synchronization, rate of embryo transfer and rejection rate were compared between different treatments. [Result] The rates of estrous synchronization of the group I, II and III were 0%, 80% and 78%, respectively, and their rates of embryo transfer were 27.5%, 60.0% and 45.0%, respectively. [Conclusion] Transplantation with vaginal embolism followed by injection with PG and FSH is the optimum method to induce estrus synchronization in yellow cattle.
2011年02期 v.3 3+37页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 81K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：38 ] -
[Objective] To study growth-promoting effects of liposome-encapsulated porcine somatotropin (pST) and its sustained-release effects in mice. [Method] The mice were randomly divided into experimental groups and control group. The mice in the experimental groups were respectively administrated with pST and liposome-encapsulated pST via intraperitoneal injection, and those in the control group were administrated with saline. They were weighed on Day 7, 14 and 28, and the growth rate was calculated. [Result] The growth of mice had significant difference between the experiment groups and control group (P < 0.05), which indicated that the pST and liposome-encapsulated pST had growth-promoting effects in mice, and the liposome-encapsulated pST had sustained-release effects. [Conclusion] The liposome-encapsulated pST can promote the growth of animal and its sustained-release period is 7 d.
2011年02期 v.3 8-9页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 66K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：28 ] [Objective] To investigate the effects of different levels of metabolizable energy and crude protein on egg laying performance and hatching efficiency in Magang geese. [Method] The healthy Magang geese at 2 years old were randomly assigned into four groups, group I, group II, group III and control group. They were fed with diets at different levels of metabolizable energy and crude protein, and then their eggs were collected and hatched. During the test, their health was observed, and the egg weight, egg yield and hatching rate were recorded. [Result] The average egg laying rates and average egg weight were significantly higher in the group I, group II and group III than in the control group. The hatchable egg rates and egg fertilization rates of the group I, group II and group III were also increased, and significance was found between the group III and the other group (P < 0.05). The feed costs of the three test groups were lower than that of the control group, and the feed cost was higher in the group III than that in the group I and II. [Conclusion] The levels of metabolizable energy and crude protein in diet have significant effects on laying performance and hatching efficiency in Magang geese.
2011年02期 v.3 10-11+14页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 95K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：28 ] -
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), a member of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, can induce formation of cartilage and bone and also regulate osteoblasts, osteogenic genes and osteogenesis. BMPs together with hormones and local signals in cellular microenvironment determine differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Further researches about BMPs-related genes will provide a new way to understand and treat metabolic bone diseases in humans and animals. This paper introduces bone metabolism-related BMPs and their transcription factors.
2011年02期 v.3 12-14页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 99K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：43 ] [Objective] To express lactate dehydrogenase C (LDH-C) gene in prokaryotic system and then purify the recombinant protein. [Method] The LDH-C gene was amplified from black-lipped pika (Ochotona curzoniae) by RT-PCR and ligated to the expression vector pET-32a. The E. coli BL21 (DE3) carrying the LDH-C gene was obtained and induced by IPTG (isopropy-beta-D-thiogalactoside). The expression products were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and purified by affinity chromatography. [Result] An approximately 1.0 kbp band appeared in the RT-PCR products as theoretically expected. As evidenced by PCR and double enzyme digestion, an approximately 1.0 kbp fragment appeared, which indicated successful construction of expression vector. As analyzed by SDS-PAGE, a fusion protein with molecular weight slightly larger than 45 kDa was expressed in form of inclusion body. And very pure fusion protein was obtained by nickel ions-charged affinity chromatography. [Conclusion] The LDH-C gene of black-lipped pika has been cloned and expressed in E. coli.
2011年02期 v.3 15-17页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 260K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：33 ] -
[Objective] To establish human interferon-alpha (hIFN-alpha) transgenic mice, which can be used to study antiviral activity of IFN-alpha in vivo. [Method] The expression vector was constructed by inserting the human IFN-alpha gene into a vector harboring human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. The transgenic mice were created by the method of microinjection. The genotype of transgenic lines was identified by PCR and southern blotting. [Result] Four lines of hIFN-alpha transgenic mice were established. Lymphocytes were collected from PCR-positive F1 generation mice and identified by RT-PCR, and mice of three lines were positive. ELISA and microplate dye-binding assay showed the expression of human IFN-alpha in the serum of mice which were positive in RT-PCR identification. [Conclusion] The transgenic mice carrying CMV-controlled hIFN-alpha gene has been established successfully, which is essential for studying antiviral activity of IFN-alpha and genetic engineering breeding of disease-resistant animals.
2011年02期 v.3 18-20+24页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 260K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：39 ] [Objective] To study the effects of Dangguibuxue decoction on immune organ and erythrocyte immune in broilers. [Method] One hundred 1-day-old healthy Sanhuang chickens were randomly divided into five groups, 20 in each group. They were immunized with Newcastle disease vaccine via intranasal inoculation at 7 days old. The chickens in group I, II and III drank water added the Danggguibuxue decoction at proportion of 2%, 5% and 10% (V/V), respectively. The chickens in the group IV drank water added Astragalus polysaccharide at proportion of 2% (V/V). And those in the group V drank water without addition of any drug. Blood was collected via jugular vein at 14, 21 and 28 days old, respectively, and then they were dissected. The immune organ indexes, erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (E-C3bRR) and erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate (E-ICRR) were measured. [Result] The Dangguibuxue decoction had no significant effect on thymus index but significantly increased spleen index and bursa of Fabricius index. The best peripheral and humoral immunity was observed in the broilers drinking water added the Dangguibuxue decoction at proportion of 10% (V/V), and its immune enhancement was better than that of Astragalus polysaccharide added at proportion of 2% (V/V). [Conclusion] Dangguibuxue decoction can promote maturation of immune organs and enhance erythrocyte immune functions; thus, it can be used as immunopotentiator.
2011年02期 v.3 21-24页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 134K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：27 ] -
[Objective] The aim of the research was to evaluate the protective efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound against chicken colibacillosis. [Method] Two TCM preparations were obtained by modifying the proved recipes. The AA broilers were selected and challenged by E. coli. Antibacterial test in vitro and protection test in vivo were conducted to investigate the protective efficacy of the two TCM preparations A and B against chicken colibacillosis. [Result] The mortality of chickens treated with the prescription A or B was significantly lower than that of the control. The protective rates of the prescription A and B were respectively 72.1% and 81.4%, both higher than that of the control (32.5%). [Conclusion] The TCM compound A and B can be used to protect broilers from colibacillosis.
2011年02期 v.3 25-26页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 78K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：27 ] [Objective] To prepare inactivated emulsion vaccine against Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and H9 subtype avian influenza. [Method] Antigen fluid of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) La Sota strain, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) M41 strain and H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) WD strain was prepared by propagation in chicken embryos, respectively. The antigen fluid was concentrated with FILTRON Cassette ultra-filtration system and inactivated by formalin. The antigen fluid of NDV, IBV and AIV was mixed at a volume ratio of 1∶ 1∶ 1. Then the mixture was emulsified by Span-80 and Tween-80 and added medical white oil as adjuvant. The sterility and physical characteristics of the prepared ND-IB-AI combined vaccine were detected. [Result] The three batches of ND-IB-AI combined vaccine were germ-free, milky white, with water-in-oil pattern and with viscosity of 6.3-6.8 s. The water and oil were not separated after rest at 37 °C for 21 d or centrifugation. [Conclusion] The three batches of ND-IB-AI combined vaccine were germ-free and reached the standard for physical characteristics of vaccines.
2011年02期 v.3 27-28+44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 95K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：35 ] -
[Objective] To investigate the effects of Newcastle disease vaccination and lead exposure on growth and development of egg yellow feather quail. [Method] Ninety 14-day-old quails were assigned randomly to 10 groups (n = 9), and they fed and drunk at liberty. A 2×5 factorial design was used. The quail immunized with ND vaccine and those non-immunized were exposed to lead at a dosage of 0, 50, 500, 1 000 and 2 000 mg/L, respectively. [Result] The ND immunization reduced body weight significantly (P < 0.01) and increased liver index and serum levels of hyaluronic acid in quail within 1-2 weeks post inoculation. The quail exposed to 2 000 mg/L lead acetate had significantly lower body weight than the control (P < 0.01). From 7 weeks old, the same inhibitory effect was observed in the quail exposed to lead at different dosages (P < 0.01). In addition, the lead poisoning could cause decreased feed intake, depilation, gonadal dysgenesis, and increased serum levels of hyaluronic acid. [Conclusion] The inhibitory effect of ND vaccination on growth of quail occurs within 1-2 weeks post inoculation; thus, the effects of immune stress should not be worried in quail production. The lead poisoning has significant effects on body weight and feed intake of quail, and lead dosage and duration affect the inhibitory effects of lead. Gonadal dysgenesis is an important indicator of lead poisoning in quail. The serum levels of hyaluronic acid can be used to determine whether the quail have been immunized with ND vaccine or have contacted lead pollutants.
2011年02期 v.3 29-33+48页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 148K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：39 ] [Objective]To represent characteristics of roosting-sites of blue-eared pheasant (Crossoptilon auritum) in breeding season and the factors affecting selection of roosting-sites. [Method]A total of 32 night roosting-sites of blue-eared pheasants and 45 control sites were selected from the Gahai-Zecha Nature Reserve in Gansu Province in breeding season. Fifteen habitat factors including landform, vegetation and distance were surveyed. Chi-square test and test of significance were conducted. And major environmental factors affecting selection of roosting-sites were determined by principal component analysis. [Result]As shown by the chi-square analysis, roosting-sites were characterized by sunny slope; steeper slope; higher arbor coverage, arbor height and trunk diameter; and lower shrub coverage, shrub height, grass coverage and grass height. The principal component analysis showed that shrub coverage, shrub height, distance to road, moss coverage and grass height were the key factors for the blue-eared pheasants to choose roosting-sites. [Conclusion]Blue-eared pheasants usually select coniferous forest on sunny and steeper slope which has many high shrubs as their night roosting-sites.
2011年02期 v.3 34-37页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 107K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：29 ] -
[Objective] To establish a high-frequency regeneration system of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) using leaf segments of aseptic seedlings. [Method] Calluses and adventitious buds of chicory were induced by inoculating explants on MS medium supplemented with 6-BA (6-benayl aminopurine) and NAA (naphthylacetic acid) at different final concentrations. [Result] When lower part of leaves derived from 20-day-old seedlings was used as explant and inoculated on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L 6-BA, 0.5 mg/L NAA and 40 g/L sucrose, the frequency of adventitious bud formation was 90.0%. When the regenerated shoots were cultured in 1/2 MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA, the frequency of root formation was 88.3%. All rooted plants transplanted in pots could survive and grew well without abnormal shape. [Conclusion] Better differentiation of adventitious buds can be achieved by inoculating the lower part of leaves derived from 20-day-old seedlings on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L 6-BA, 0.5 mg/L NAA and 40 g/L sucrose. The 1/2 MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA is most suitable for rooting.
2011年02期 v.3 38-41页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 104K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：168 ] [Objective] To investigate the effects of different water amount on freezing point of raw milk. [Method] The freezing point of raw milk added water at different proportions was detected by SWC-LG freezing point detector. The linear regression equation was obtained. The reproducibility was checked. The water content in raw milk was calculated according to the standard regression curve. [Result] When the water content changed from 0 to 10%, the freezing point of raw milk increased linearly. As evidenced by the reproducibility test, the standard deviation and relative standard deviation were less than 1%. The milk concentration obtained by detecting the freezing point of blind milk samples had an absolute error of no more than 0.5%, compared with actual watering milk concentration. [Conclusion] Water content in raw milk can be determined by measuring freezing point, and this method is reliable and reproducible.
2011年02期 v.3 42-44页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 155K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：36 ] -
[Objective] To develop a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method for determination of quinolone antibiotics in water. [Method] The standard curves of four quinolones (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin and enrofloxacin) were prepared. The detection limit in water and recovery were determined. The water samples collected from different areas, river and tap water were treated using solid-phase extraction method and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Then the concentration of quinolones antibiotics was determined by fluorescence method. [Result] The detection limit of quinolone antibiotics in water was 0.083-0.248 μg/L, and their recovery was 63.7%-134.1%. The four quinolone antibiotics at different levels were detected in various water samples, and the total concentration of quinolone antibiotics was 0.045-3.969 μg/L. The total concentration of quinolone antibiotics was higher in the water samples collected from rivers in Shenzhen area than in the sewage samples. The four quinolone antibiotics could be detected in all tap water samples. [Conclusion] The solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method is feasible and effective to detect quinolones in water. In addition, this method needs low cost and can meet requirements of daily monitoring and analysis.
2011年02期 v.3 45-48页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 195K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：131 ] <正>1.Requirement for Articles The journal mainly publishes original research papers, research notes,letters and repo ts about new technology on animal husbandry,veterinary medocome,dicine,feed science and other related fields.These articles can refer to
2011年02期 v.3 49页 [查看摘要][在线阅读][下载 285K] [下载次数：0 ] |[网刊下载次数：0 ] |[引用频次：0 ] |[阅读次数：31 ]